卫乃兴教授语料库语言学系列讲座

发布时间：2016-03-08 阅读次数：-

题目1：A Corpus-based Contrastive Study of Semantic Preference and Semantic Prosody across English and Chinese: Implications for contrastive linguistic and translation studies

时间：2016年3月15日（周二）下午2点

地点：外语学院214室

摘要：The present talk addresses important features of semantic preference and prosody across English and Chinese and examines their roles in achieving equivalence between corresponding lexical items of the two languages. I start with extracting recurrent translation equivalents by use of the Mutual Correspondence measure (Altenberg & granger 2002)from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Parallel Corpus and move on to observe the semantic preferential and prosodic profiles of translation pairs in two comparable corpora, namely, the Chinese National Corpus and the British National Corpus. Analyses show that semantic prosody is inseparably linked with patterns of co-selection, and a word may be associated with more than one semantic prosody, whilst prevalent views regarding semantic prosody, e.g. the so-called counterexample-irony claim, do not necessarily hold (Louw 1993, etc.). By the same token, cross-linguistic equivalence resides only in corresponding patterns of words under study, not corresponding single words in the two languages. It indicates that semantic prosodic strength is a useful indicator of degrees of equivalence and non-equivalence whilst both semantic preference and semantic prosody impact equivalence and translatability. The study also shows that the relationship between syntax and semantic prosody in Chinese is rather different from that in English, suggesting that colligation in Chinese is much more complex, deserving a more rigorous definition. This study has practical implications for future semantic prosody studies, contrastive linguistic and translation studies.

题目2：From Local Environment to Local Function and Local Grammar: Recent developments in corpus linguistics and computational linguistics

时间：2016年3月16日（周三）下午2点

地点：外语学院214室

摘要：This talk reports on recent developments in studies of local function and local grammar in corpus linguistics and computational linguistics. To start with, I present a scale of functional generalities in different schools of linguistics, from the most generic Hallidayan meta-functions at the systemic level at one end down to the Austin Speech Acts and Sincalirian local functions at the local environment level at the other end, spelling out the major characteristic differences among them. In the second place, drawing on insights from J.R. Firth's notion of Restricted Language and Zellig Harris' Sublanguage Grammar approach, I describe central features and methods of local function research in corpus linguistics, arguing for the necessity and usefulness of this strand of study in linguistics. The third part of the talk elaborates on major features of local grammar and its characteristic methodologies, including pattern identification, syntactic parsing and pragmatic function annotation. Throughout, I consistently argue that local function research penetrates into the depth of language use and local grammar approach presents a wider scope, and a finer-grained profile, of language structures than the general grammar approach.

题目3：From Co-selections to Phraseologies: Recent developments in corpus-based studies of phraseology

时间：2016年3月17日（周四）下午2点

地点：外语学院214室

摘要：This talk is focused on the recent developments in corpus-based studies of phraseology. I begin with a brief review of John Sinclair's lexical item model, corroborated with Sinclairian classic exemplars and findings in my most recent research in academic English texts. In the second part, I move on to elaborate on Sinclair's Meaning Shift Unit (MSU) version of the lexical item model, drafted in his manuscripts before he died in 2007. The talk highlights the view that the MSU version offers new insights and perspectives for understanding the complex phenomenon of phraseology, underscoring the crucial roles co-selection patterns play for establishing canonical forms and variations of a phrase, and more importantly, for meaning shifting in text. Thirdly, I present recent findings of the multi-functionality phraseologies, indicating that a phrasal entity may convey organizational meaning and message-oriented meaning, evaluative meaning and strategic meaning, etc. at the same time. Fourthly and finally, I argue for an increased awareness of the importance of phrasologies in translation, linguistic research and foreign language teaching.

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